Iran’s parliament convened on Sunday to confront the escalating protests that have now claimed 116 lives, a death toll that has drawn international condemnation and heightened fears of a violent crackdown. The session, held in the heart of Tehran, saw lawmakers chant slogans against the government while activists outside the building called for an end to the state’s use of force.
Background/Context
The unrest began on December 28, 2025, when a sudden devaluation of the Iranian rial sparked street demonstrations in Tehran and Mashhad. What started as economic grievances quickly morphed into a broader challenge to the theocratic regime, with protesters demanding political reform, greater freedoms, and an end to the regime’s authoritarian rule. Over the past two weeks, the protests have spread to cities such as Kerman and Qom, drawing tens of thousands of demonstrators each day.
Iran’s internet blackout and the cutting of international phone lines have made it difficult for authorities to gauge the scale of the protests. Despite these restrictions, independent human rights groups report that at least 2,600 people have been detained, and the death toll has risen to 116. The United Nations and several Western governments have called for an independent investigation into the use of force by Iranian security forces.
For international students studying in Iran, the situation poses immediate safety concerns. Universities have suspended classes in several provinces, and the Iranian Ministry of Education has urged students to remain indoors. The uncertainty surrounding travel restrictions and the potential for sudden curfews adds a layer of risk for those on student visas.
Key Developments
During the parliamentary session, lawmakers from the hard‑line factions rushed to the front of the assembly to chant “Death to America!” before quickly shifting to pro‑government slogans. The spectacle underscored the regime’s attempt to project unity while simultaneously acknowledging the growing dissent.
- Death Toll Reaches 116: Activists and independent media outlets confirm that 116 protesters have died since the protests began, a figure that includes those killed by tear gas, rubber bullets, and live ammunition.
- Detention Surge: Human Rights Activists News Agency reports that 2,600 individuals have been detained across the country, with many held without formal charges.
- International Condemnation: The United Nations Human Rights Council has called for an immediate ceasefire and an independent inquiry into the deaths.
- US Response: President Donald Trump has publicly expressed support for the protesters, tweeting, “Iran is looking at FREEDOM, perhaps like never before. The USA stands ready to help!!!” While the White House has not confirmed any military action, officials have warned that the regime may intensify its crackdown.
- Supreme Leader’s Warning: Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has signaled a forthcoming clampdown, declaring that anyone participating in protests will be deemed an “enemy of God” and face the death penalty.
In the days following the parliamentary meeting, state television aired footage of pro‑government rallies in Qom and Qazvin, deliberately omitting images of the protests in Tehran and Mashhad. Meanwhile, independent journalists have used Starlink satellite connections to stream videos of demonstrators in the Punak neighborhood of Tehran, showing crowds waving lit mobile phones and chanting slogans.
Impact Analysis
The rising death toll and the government’s hardline stance have significant implications for residents, expatriates, and international students in Iran. The immediate risks include:
- Safety Concerns: The likelihood of sudden curfews, road blockages, and police raids has increased, especially in major cities where protests are most intense.
- Travel Restrictions: The Iranian government has tightened visa controls and may suspend flights to and from key international hubs, complicating travel plans for students and scholars.
- Academic Disruption: Universities have halted classes and research activities in affected provinces, potentially delaying graduation timelines and research projects.
- Financial Instability: The continued devaluation of the rial and economic sanctions threaten the financial stability of students who rely on scholarships or part‑time employment.
For international students, the situation underscores the importance of staying informed about local developments and maintaining open communication with university authorities and consular services. The Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has advised citizens to avoid large gatherings and to monitor official announcements closely.
Expert Insights/Tips
Dr. Leila Farhadi, a political science professor at Tehran University, advises students to:
- Stay Connected: Use encrypted messaging apps to keep in touch with classmates and faculty. Avoid public Wi‑Fi networks that may be monitored.
- Know Your Rights: Familiarize yourself with Iranian laws regarding protest participation and the legal consequences of dissent.
- Emergency Plan: Identify safe shelters in your area and establish a communication plan with family abroad.
- Financial Precautions: Keep a small emergency fund in a foreign currency and monitor exchange rates closely.
- Seek Support: Reach out to international student associations and embassy consulates for guidance and assistance.
Legal experts caution that students should not engage in protest activities that could jeopardize their visas or lead to detention. However, they also emphasize the importance of staying informed and exercising the right to peaceful expression where possible.
Looking Ahead
As the protests enter their third week, the Iranian government’s response remains uncertain. Analysts predict that the regime may either intensify its crackdown or attempt a negotiated settlement to quell the unrest. The United Nations has called for a ceasefire and an independent investigation, while the European Union has threatened further sanctions if the death toll rises.
For international students, the coming weeks will likely bring continued uncertainty. Universities may extend academic deadlines, and travel restrictions could persist. Students are advised to monitor updates from their home countries’ embassies and to maintain flexibility in their academic and travel plans.
In the broader geopolitical context, the protests could influence Iran’s relations with the United States, the European Union, and neighboring countries. A sustained crackdown may trigger international condemnation and further isolation, whereas a negotiated settlement could open avenues for diplomatic engagement.
Ultimately, the situation remains fluid, and stakeholders—including students, academics, and policymakers—must remain vigilant and prepared for rapid changes.
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